Quiz 5: Cancer of the breast

Please choose the one, most correct answer to each question or statement.

1. Where does breast cancer usually start?
   • In the lobes
   • In the ducts
   • In the connective tissue
   • In the fat
2. Carcinoma in situ means:
   • The cancer cells are not invasive yet
   • The cancer has not spread out of the breast
   • The cancer has not spread to the other breast
   • The cancer has not spread beyond the lymph nodes
3. Which breast condition is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer?
   • Breast abscess
   • Pregnancy
   • Atypical ductal hyperplasia
   • Breast trauma
4. How often is the cause of breast cancer unknown?
   • Less than 10%
   • 30%
   • 60%
   • 90%
5. How is breast cancer spread?
   • Directly through the chest wall
   • Only via the lymphatics
   • Only via the blood stream
   • By both the lymphatics and blood stream
6. What factor determines whether a breast cancer is likely to spread or not?
   • The size of the cells
   • The shape of the cells
   • The stickiness of the cells
   • The age of the cells
7. Do all breast cancers behave in the same way?
   • Yes, as they all grow fast
   • Only in young women when they all grow slowly
   • Only in postmenopausal women when they all grow fast
   • No, as some breast cancers grow fast and others slowly
8. What does prognosis mean?
   • The age when the cancer presents
   • The probable outcome of the disease
   • When successful treatment can be stopped
   • The time when treatment starts
9. The grade of a breast cancer indicates:
   • The risk of it spreading
   • The size of the tumour
   • The type of tumour
   • Whether the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes or not
10. What does the stage of the breast cancer mean:
    • Whether one or both breasts are involved
    • Where in the breast the cancer is found
    • How far it has spread
    • The type of cells seen on cytology
11. Estrogen receptors on breast cancer cells:
    • Are only found in women and not men
    • Suggest that the cancer will not spread rapidly
    • Suggest that the cancer is very aggressive
    • Indicates that the cancer has spread from another part of the body
12. The commonest type of breast cancer is:
    • Inflammatory
    • Tubular
    • Ductal
    • Papillary
13. Lobular cancer is:
    • Usually low grade
    • Usually widely spread at the time of diagnosis
    • Easy to diagnose
    • Rare
14. Breast cancer usually presents with:
    • A painful breast lump
    • A breast lump that is not painful
    • A large, swollen breast
    • A milky discharge from the nipple
15. What is an important clinical sign of breast cancer?
    • Bruising of the breast
    • Pus from the nipple
    • Peau d’orange skin change
    • Breast tenderness
16. What does a breast cancer look like on a mammogram?
    • A black area
    • Many small grey patches
    • Usually a large red area with both black and white patches
    • A white area
17. When is a mammogram not reliable in diagnosing breast cancer?
    • In older women with fatty breasts
    • In young women with dense breasts
    • In women who have had a breast reduction
    • It is always very reliable
18. What does a breast cancer look like on ultrasound?
    • A black area
    • A white area
    • A grey area in women of childbearing age
    • Ultrasound is of little value in diagnosing breast cancer
19. To which organ does breast cancer usually spread?
    • The bone marrow
    • Lymph nodes in the abdomen
    • Lungs
    • Spleen
20. Which investigation should be done in most women with breast cancer?
    • An X-ray of the long bones in the limbs
    • A MRI scan of the other breast
    • A CT scan of the brain
    • An ultrasound of the liver