Quiz 10: Childhood infections

Please choose the one, most correct answer to each question or statement.

1. What are the first clinical sign in the presentation of measles?
   • A rash.
   • Mouth ulcers.
   • Fever, conjunctivitis and cough.
   • Loose stools and abdominal pain.
2. What is the incubation period of measles?
   • 10 days until the child becomes generally ill.
   • 10 days until Koplik spots appear.
   • 2 weeks until coughing starts.
   • 3 weeks until the rash appears.
3. What is an important complication of measles?
   • Deafness.
   • Arthritis.
   • Meningitis.
   • Pneumonia.
4. Children with measles should all receive:
   • Vitamin A.
   • Vitamin B.
   • Vitamin C.
   • Vitamin D.
5. Which of the following is a notifiable infection in South Africa?
   • Mumps.
   • Whooping cough.
   • Measles.
   • Chickenpox.
6. Chickenpox may be caught by children in contact with adults suffering from:
   • Fever blisters.
   • Shingles.
   • Diarrhoea.
   • Bird flu.
7. What is the typical feature of a chickenpox rash?
   • It is a pink, blotchy maculopapular rash.
   • It itches.
   • It is most severe on the arms and legs.
   • It only presents 4 days after the child becomes ill.
8. Mouth ulcers may be seen with:
   • Measles.
   • Mumps.
   • Chickenpox.
   • Diphtheria.
9. Mumps presents with:
   • A rash.
   • Generalised lymphadenopathy.
   • Tender, swollen parotid glands.
   • Enlarged liver and spleen.
10. A complication of mumps in adolescents is:
    • Orchitis (inflammation of the testes).
    • Stridor.
    • Otitis media.
    • Cirrhosis.
11. An important complication of severe herpes stomatitis is:
    • High fever.
    • Dehydration.
    • Jaundice.
    • Enlarged parotid glands.
12. Severe herpes stomatitis should be managed with:
    • Acyclovir.
    • Penicillin.
    • Tetracycline.
    • Nystatin.
13. Why should an adult with fever blisters not kiss a child?
    • It may cause measles.
    • It may cause shingles.
    • It may cause mumps.
    • It may cause herpes stomatitis.
14. Acute viral hepatitis in children is usually due to:
    • Hepatitis A virus.
    • Hepatitis B virus.
    • HIV.
    • Ebstein-Barr virus.
15. Infants at birth may be infected with:
    • Measles virus.
    • Varicella-zoster virus.
    • Polio virus.
    • Hepatitis B virus.
16. Hepatitis A in children can be prevented by:
    • Avoiding contaminated blood transfusions.
    • Using clean water and good sanitation.
    • Not attending pre-schools.
    • Taking prophylactic antibiotics.
17. Danger signs in acute hepatitis include:
    • Jaundice for a week.
    • Tender abdomen with an enlarged liver.
    • Drowsiness.
    • Loss of appetite.
18. Tick-bite fever usually presents with:
    • A vesicular rash.
    • Severe headache.
    • Heart failure.
    • Dark urine.
19. Tick-bite fever in older children is best treated with:
    • Penicillin.
    • Erythromycin.
    • Doxycycline.
    • Artemisinin.
20. Acute conjunctivitis should be treated with;
    • Topical antibiotics.
    • Oral antibiotics.
    • Topical steroid drops.
    • Oral steroids.