Quiz 7: Infant mental health

Please choose the one, most correct answer to each question or statement.

1. Why does infant mental health have such an important effect on social and emotional development?
   • Because infants learn how to walk during this time
   • Because breastfeeding occurs during infancy
   • Because adults remember their infancy more than any other time
   • Because the brain grows more during infancy than during any other time
2. Which of the following is a factor that affects infant mental health?
   • How old the infant’s mother is
   • The number of siblings they have
   • The level of stress in their environment
   • How close they live to a hospital
3. Which of the following can develop in a child as a result of mental illness in their primary caregiver?
   • HIV transmission
   • Poor physical and emotional development
   • Infant hair loss
   • Rapid physical and emotional development to compensate for the care-giver’s mental health problems
4. A stress response can include which of the following internal experiences?
   • An increase in hormones
   • Swollen feet
   • Ear infection
   • A decrease in heart rate
5. Which of the following is likely to cause a positive stress response?
   • Emotional abuse by a parent
   • A natural disaster such as an earthquake
   • A parent taking an infant to the clinic for immunisation
   • Loss of a loved one
6. Which of the following is likely to cause a tolerable infant stress response if a supportive caregiver is present?
   • A frightening injury
   • Persistent economic hardship in the family
   • Meeting a new person
   • Substance abuse in the family
7. Which of the following factors relates to “toxic” stress?
   • It is short-lived but severe
   • It is as a result of a birth defects in the infant.
   • It is environmental and continuous
   • It is as a result of inhaling pollution
8. Severe, prolonger infant stress can result in which condition in adulthood??
   • Osteoporosis
   • Heart disease
   • Obsessive compulsive disorder
   • Schizophrenia
9. Are some of the negative effects of toxic stress reversible?
   • No
   • Yes if you can go on a detox diet
   • Yes if you can give the child a stress ball to play with
   • Yes if the infant has a loving and responsive adult to care for him/her
10. How might maternal depression affect an infant’s experience of stress?
    • Stress may be prolonged because the mother may find it difficult to soothe her infant
    • Stress may be prolonged because the infant does not like their mother
    • Experiences of positive stress are less likely to occur because the mother is overprotective
    • Responses to infant’s cues of distress are more likely to be consistent if a mother is depressed
11. The term ‘social withdrawal’ means:
    • Being shunned by society for unacceptable behavior
    • The experience of shyness during social interactions
    • The apparent detachment of an individual from those around them
    • The development of anxiety in social situations
12. Which of the following signs could indicate an infant is socially withdrawn?
    • They cry more frequently around their mother
    • They make few sounds and responses when someone plays with them
    • They appear happy around the mother only
    • They only play with certain toys
13. Which of the following statements about new mothers needing help in identifying signs of withdrawal behaviour is true?
    • She should not need help as it is an instinct for mothers to notice withdrawal behavior in their infant
    • She is not likely to know which infant behaviours are normal or concerning
    • She is not likely to care enough to look for them
    • The infant will not act withdrawn around their mother
14. Which of the following long-term problems is most likely to have been caused by infant social withdrawal?
    • Diabetes
    • Atypical social behaviour
    • Bipolar disorder
    • Acne
15. Which of the following is a sign of a secure attachment between mother and infant?
    • The infant is distressed when their mother is not present
    • The infant is equally comforted by a stranger as by their mother
    • The infant enjoys playing with toys their mother gave them
    • The infant screams very loudly to get their mother’s attention
16. Which of the following statements about insecure attachment is true?
    • It develops during the first month of life
    • It can develop if an infant is held too often
    • It develops when the infant stops breastfeeding
    • It can develop if a caregiver is inconsistent in their responses
17. How does early attachment security affect self-confidence?
    • It does not have an effect on self-confidence
    • It negatively affects self-confidence because the infant becomes too dependent
    • It promotes the development of self-confidence up until age three
    • It promotes a positive self-image in infants and promotes self-confidence into adulthood
18. Which of the following interventions help to promote secure attachment?
    • Rocking
    • Leave the infant to cry for short periods of time, increasing the duration as they get used to it
    • Ignoring negative behavior like crying or being a fussy eater
    • Feeding according to a regular schedule
19. Which factors below should alert a care provider to attachment problems?
    • Low income in the mother
    • Low weight in the infant even with adequate feeding
    • An HIV positive mother
    • An HIV positive infant
20. What can you say to a new mother who is struggling to understand her infant’s behaviors?
    • You should be grateful you have a healthy baby! The rest will come with time.
    • Being a new mother can be overwhelming! A new mothers’ group may be helpful.
    • Being a new mother can be full of distractions! Doing meditation may help you focus better on your infant.
    • It may be because you are not trying hard enough to understand and listen closely to your infant.