Quiz 12: Infection

Please choose the one, most correct answer to each question or statement.

1. What is the risk of infection in the newborn infant?
   • The same as in a older child
   • The same as in an adult
   • More than in an older child or adult
   • Less than in an older child or adult
2. Which immunoglobulin does the fetus receive from its mother?
   • IgA
   • IgG
   • IgM
   • IgE
3. Vernix should be washed off:
   • Immediately after delivery
   • Between 6 and 12 hours after delivery
   • Only if the infant is soiled with meconium or stool
   • The face only to prevent it burning the eyes
4. Chlamydia trachomatis is a common cause of:
   • Conjunctivitis
   • Cord infection
   • Skin infection
   • Septicaemia
5. Severe gonococcal conjunctivitis should be treated with:
   • Parenteral cefotaxime or ceftriaxone plus irrigation of the eye
   • Parenteral penicillin only
   • Penicillin eye drops only
   • Chloromycetin ointment only
6. Prevention of umbilical cord infection is best achieved by:
   • Covering the cord with a bandage
   • Cleaning the cord with surgical spirits or 4% chlorhexidine
   • Applying antibiotic powder to the cord
   • Applying antibiotic ointment to the cord
7. Tetanus presents with:
   • Paralysis
   • Purpura
   • Muscle spasms (convulsions)
   • A distended abdomen
8. Bullous impetigo is usually caused by:
   • Gonococcus
   • E. coli
   • Group B Streptococcus
   • Staphylococcus
9. A monilial nappy rash due to Candida should be treated by:
   • Applying ‘baby powder’
   • Keeping the area covered
   • Applying mycostatin cream
   • Giving an antibiotic
10. If a bottle-fed infant has oral thrush, the bottles should be:
    • Boiled
    • Soaked in Milton or Jik
    • Thrown away after each feed
    • Washed with tap water
11. Septicaemia commonly presents with:
    • Lethargy and hypothermia
    • Jitteriness and fever
    • Respiratory distress
    • Convulsions
12. Meningitis in a newborn infant usually presents with:
    • Neck stiffness
    • Irritability
    • A full fontanelle
    • Jaundice
13. Necrotising enterocolitis presents with:
    • Grunting and recession
    • Abdominal distension
    • Convulsions
    • Constipation
14. Chorioamnionitis:
    • Only occurs when the membranes have been ruptured for at least 24 hours.
    • Only occurs after repeated vaginal examination.
    • May occur with intact membranes.
    • Is rare.
15. Chorioamnionitis is a common cause of:
    • Necrotising enterocolitis
    • Jaundice
    • A skin rash at birth
    • Preterm labour
16. Congenital syphilis may present at birth with:
    • Blisters on the hands and feet
    • Deafness and blindness
    • Congenital malformations
    • Conjunctivitis
17. Infants born with clinical signs of congenital syphilis usually have:
    • A small placenta
    • An infarcted placenta
    • A heavy placenta
    • A healthy placenta
18. Which of the following tests in a low birth weight infant with hepatosplenomegaly will confirm a clinical diagnosis of congenital syphilis?
    • High white cell count in the peripheral blood
    • Positive blood culture
    • Positive VDRL test
    • Pus cells in the gastric aspirate at birth
19. An infant presenting with signs of congenital syphilis should be treated with:
    • Oral penicillin
    • Benzathine penicillin weekly for 3 weeks
    • Benzyl penicillin 6 hourly for 5 days
    • Procaine penicillin daily for 10 days
20. How can medical and nursing staff avoid becoming infected with HIV virus?
    • Wash their hands after handling infants.
    • Always place needles and lancets in a sharps container immediately after use.
    • Take a 10 day course of penicillin if they prick themselves while taking blood.
    • Get immunised against the hepatitis B virus.