Quiz 5: HIV and counselling

Choose the one, most correct answer to each question or statement.

1. Counselling is a process whereby a counsellor:
   • Tells people what to do
   • Educates people
   • Helps people make their own decisions
   • Judges people
2. The key to good counselling is:
   • Concentrating on facts and not feelings
   • Being a good listener and communicator
   • Assuming that you know what is best for the person
   • Being able to answer all the person’s questions
3. Who should be trained to be an HIV counsellor?
   • Anyone who is interested in counselling and wants to help people
   • Only doctors
   • Only professional nurses
   • Only someone who is living with HIV
4. A characteristic of a good counsellor is:
   • To be kind, caring and understanding
   • To be firm and give clear advice
   • To be female and at least 40 years old
   • To have strong religious beliefs
5. What is the first step in providing counselling?
   • Giving answers to the person’s problems
   • Taking action to solve the problems
   • Exploring the problems so that the person can understand which problems need to be tackled
   • Giving clear advice
6. The main aim of HIV counselling in pregnancy is:
   • To provide information and support the woman
   • To force the woman to change her behaviour
   • To persuade the woman to tell her husband the results of her HIV test
   • To teach the woman how to change her values
7. Counselling before an HIV test should be offered to pregnant women:
   • If the counsellor thinks the woman is at high risk of becoming infected with HIV
   • If the woman is not married
   • If the woman asks for counselling
   • Every time an HIV screening test is done
8. The decision to perform an HIV test should be taken by:
   • The hospital or clinic staff
   • The woman herself
   • The community
   • The pregnant woman’s husband
9. What is an advantage of taking an HIV test?
   • If negative, the woman need not worry about safer sex practices
   • If negative, the woman can pay less for health insurance each month
   • If positive, the woman can make informed choices in her pregnancy
   • If positive, the doctors can arrange to have the infant adopted
10. What is a disadvantage of taking an HIV test?
    • The woman may be refused further antenatal care.
    • The woman may feel angry, afraid, depressed and despairing.
    • It is expensive and painful.
    • Dentists may refuse to treat her.
11. Who should be told the results of the HIV test?
    • The result should only be given to the woman’s husband.
    • The result should be shared with all the women who were given counselling before the test.
    • The result should only be given to the employee.
    • The result should be given to the woman in private as soon as it becomes available.
12. What counselling should be given to a pregnant woman after a negative HIV result?
    • She should be told that she is unlikely to become HIV positive in future.
    • She should be encouraged to have as many infants as she wants as soon as possible while she is still HIV negative.
    • She should be counselled not to plan any further pregnancies.
    • She should be advised to practise safer sex.
13. When first telling a woman that she is living with HIV, the counsellor should:
    • Discuss safer sex with her
    • Allow her time to absorb the bad news and share her feelings
    • Encourage her not to worry about living with HIV as ARV drugs are available
    • Find out who infected her with HIV
14. What counselling is needed after a pregnant woman is informed that she has a positive HIV result?
    • She should be encouraged to identify her support system.
    • She should be told that she will eventually die of AIDS.
    • She should be given as much information about AIDS as possible.
    • She should be told not to have sexual intercourse with her partner.
15. What are common responses to being told that the HIV test is positive?
    • The woman immediately wants to inform her sexual partner.
    • The woman is relieved that her fear of having HIV infection has finally been confirmed.
    • The woman cannot believe the result and insists that there must be some mistake.
    • The woman accepts the information calmly with little emotional response.
16. How can a counsellor help a woman tell her sexual partner that she is living with HIV?
    • The woman should be encouraged to talk about her fear of telling her husband.
    • The midwife should tell the husband.
    • The husband should not be told at all.
    • The counsellor should tell the husband.
17. Who should a woman living with HIV tell about her diagnosis?
    • She must tell her employer as this is required by law.
    • She must tell her partner immediately.
    • She should tell a trusted friend or family member who can support her.
    • She must tell her teacher if she is still at school.
18. How should a woman living with HIV be counselled if she wants to fall pregnant?
    • Discuss why she wants to fall pregnant and explore what the effects would be for her and her infant if she fell pregnant.
    • Explain to her why she should not fall pregnant.
    • Encourage her to rather use a family planning method.
    • Help her to see that she is being selfish.
19. What advice about safer sex practices should be given to a woman living with HIV?
    • She should not have sex.
    • She can have unprotected sex as she is already infected.
    • She should only have sex with men living with HIV.
    • She should use condoms when having sex.
20. Healthcare workers who give HIV counseling:
    • Usually do not find counselling stressful.
    • Should only be allowed to counsel for six months as it is so stressful.
    • Should only be offered support and counselling themselves if they ask for it.
    • Should all have support and counselling to prevent burn out.