Quiz 1: Sources of information about communities and populations

Please choose the one, most correct answer to each question or statement.

1. Which of the following is a community?
   • All South Africans
   • Everyone who speaks Xhosa as their home language
   • Car drivers in Cape Town
   • Members of a social or sports club
2. In public health, the “demand for healthcare” means:
   • Protest action for services
   • The number of people coming to healthcare facilities and the types of problems they present with
   • Services requested at meetings between health service officials and community organisations
   • Letters written to newspapers about service gaps
3. Are the health needs of a community the same as their demands?
   • Yes as they know their own needs better than anyone else
   • Yes as they will be told by the local general practitioners
   • No as people with health needs may not be attending for healthcare
   • No as communities always exaggerate their health demands
4. Which method would be the most valuable when making a community diagnosis in a squatter camp?
   • Ask the people living there what they see as their biggest health risks and needs
   • Ask the local hospital or clinic staff what they think are the biggest health problems in the community
   • An expensive research study would be needed to get reliable data
   • It is not worth the effort as a squatter camp is too disorganised to make a community diagnosis
5. Community orientated primary care includes:
   • Obtaining funds for local clinics
   • Community health workers visiting all homes
   • Getting unemployed youths to work as porters in hospitals
   • Telling communities what care they need
6. Community mapping includes:
   • Making sure that the community is included on street maps
   • Maps drawn up in partnership with community members
   • Ensuring that all roads are named
   • A system to make sure that rates are paid
7. When trying to tackle health risks in a squatter camp with a high crime rate:
   • There is likely to be a strong sense of belonging in this community
   • It is likely that the community members will be able to work together effectively to reduce health risks
   • Even if individuals are not empowered, strong community organisations can usually be found
   • Low levels of community organisation and trust mean that working with individuals or households may be the most effective method
8. What is demography?
   • The study of the structure of populations
   • The study of hand writing
   • A new form of body scanning
   • A method of interviewing community leaders
9. What is population density?
   • How many people in a population
   • How many people in a unit of space such as km²
   • The average number of people living in a house
   • The ratio of males to females in a population
10. What does a high ratio of boys to girls in a population suggest?
    • Girls are not counted in a census
    • Maternal illness during pregnancy results in more girl stillbirths
    • More girl foetuses than boy foetuses are aborted in sex selective termination of pregnancy
    • There are more male twins than female twins especially in older women
11. How is the maternal mortality ratio expressed?
    • The number of maternal deaths per 100 000 live births
    • The number of maternal deaths per 10 000 deliveries
    • The number of maternal deaths per 1000 pregnancies
    • The number of maternal deaths per year
12. What deaths are included in infant mortality?
    • First week deaths only
    • First month deaths only
    • All deaths in the first year
    • All deaths in the first 5 years
13. Age specific fertility rate gives an indication of:
    • How fast a population is expected to grow
    • How many women are working
    • How many men are unemployed
    • The degree of environmental pollution
14. What is the demographic transition?
    • The political transfer of power from the rich to the poor
    • The change in the age structure of a population
    • The number of women taking over work previously done by men
    • The acceptance of gays and lesbians in society
15. Which countries have a population pyramid with a wide base and a narrow apex?
    • Wealthy industrialised countries like Germany
    • Rapidly growing countries like South Korea
    • Countries with a stable population such as the USA
    • Poor, undeveloped countries like Mozambique
16. In a developed country like the United Kingdom the commonest age group is:
    • Young children under 5 years
    • Teenagers
    • Adults between 30 and 50 years
    • Older people of 60 years and more
17. What is a consequence of the demographic transition?
    • More political stability in the country
    • Improved childhood education and health
    • People able to retire earlier
    • Less chronic disease
18. How often is a national census done in South Africa?
    • Annually
    • Every 2 years
    • Every 5 years
    • Every 10 years
19. How is census data recorded?
    • It is taken from the births and deaths registers
    • The average mid-year population estimates over 5 years are used
    • Every household is visited to collect information
    • Randomly selected members of the public are contacted by cellphone
20. Which of the following data sources provides the expected population size for each year?
    • Mid-year population estimates
    • The general household survey
    • The census
    • Hospital admissions