Quiz 6: Important health problems and their causes

Please choose the one, most correct answer to each question or statement.

What would you call a sudden increase in the number of cases of measles well above what is expected for that country?
- A pandemic
- An epidemic
- An endemic
- An outbreak
Which animal is thought to the likely source of HIV?
- Fruit bats
- Baboons
- Chimpanzees
- Pigs
Which factor determines the severity of an epidemic?
- The month of the year
- How ill the person is who starts the epidemic
- The number of susceptible people an infected person comes into contact with
- The ages of the people who are ill with the infection
To keep a patient with signs of an infectious disease away from healthy people is called:
- Quarantine
- Separation
- Insulation
- Isolation
To separate a person who is well but been in contact with someone suffering from a dangerous disease is called:
- Quarantine
- Separation
- Insulation
- Isolation
How can a hospital prepare for an epidemic?
- Close the hospital and manage all patients at the local clinic
- Close the wards and only keep the outpatient facility open
- All the staff and in patients should have antibiotics
- Draw up a case definition
What is an important cause of bacterial resistance?
- The overuse of antibiotics
- Not using enough antibiotics
- Completing a full course of antibiotics
- The increased use of anti-viral agents
How can hospital acquired infections be prevented?
- Give antibiotics to all patients
- Introduce an antibiotic stewardship programme
- Stop staff privileges if too many patients become infected
- Bath all patients when they are admitted
Why is resistance to TB drugs becoming a problem?
- Too many TB drugs are given at the same time
- The incorrect TB drugs are being used
- Cheap, generic TB drugs are being used
- Patients stop taking their TB drugs once they feel better
Multiple drug resistant TB should not be treated with:
- Streptomycin
- Gentamicin
- Rifampicin
- Fluoroquinolones
Which condition is a non-communicable disease?
- Leprosy
- Stroke
- TB
- Scabies
Which of the following would you consider as a chronic disease of lifestyle?
- Haemophilia
- Malaria
- Epilepsy
- Diabetes
What contributes to chronic diseases of lifestyle?
- Too much exercise
- Obesity
- Drinking too much coffee
- Being a vegetarian
What condition at birth increases the risk of cardiometabolic disease in adulthood?
- Need for resuscitation due to failure to breathe well
- Breastfeeding immediately after delivery
- Prolonged pregnancy with a gestational age beyond 42 weeks
- Low birth weight
Which cancer can be prevented by immunisation?
- Cervical cancer
- Pancreatic cancer
- Breast cancer
- Stomach cancer
The burden of chronic lung disease in poor communities can be reduced by:
- Annual influenza immunisation
- Not drinking alcohol
- Not smoking
- Taking regular exercise
What is a risk factor for trauma deaths?
- Using public transport
- Poor school facilities
- Walking to work
- Gangsterism
Which of the following important conditions contributing to the burden of disease is most likely to be missed on routine assessments of population health?
- Chronic obstructive lung disease
- Mental health problems
- Cancer
- HIV
What does epidemiological transition mean?
- Trying to discover the cause of a chronic illness
- Transferring the responsibility of preventing chronic diseases from doctors to public health officials
- Non-communicable diseases replacing infections as the main burden of disease in countries with increasing standard of living
- The rapid spread of a virus to cause an epidemic in poor countries
Why do governments not prevent non-communicable diseases?
- Because preventable measures such as lifestyle choices are left to individuals
- Because they do not know how to prevent them
- Because preventing them is too expensive
- Because they help to control population growth