Quiz 3: Perinatal mortality

Please choose the one, most correct answer to each question or statement.

1. What are perinatal deaths?
   • Stillbirths.
   • Stillbirths and early neonatal deaths.
   • Stillbirths and neonatal deaths.
   • Stillbirths and infant deaths (first year of life).
2. What is the weight cut off for perinatal deaths?
   • 500 g.
   • 1000 g.
   • 1500 g.
   • 2500 g.
3. What is the perinatal mortality rate?
   • Perinatal deaths per 100 deliveries.
   • Perinatal deaths per 1000 deliveries.
   • Perinatal deaths per 10 000 deliveries.
   • Perinatal deaths per 100 000 deliveries.
4. What is the perinatal mortality rate in high-income countries?
   • About 10.
   • About 50.
   • About 100.
   • About 150.
5. What is the perinatal mortality rate in low-income countries?
   • About 50.
   • About 70.
   • About 100.
   • More than 100.
6. Why is it important to know the perinatal mortality rate?
   • It can be used to motivate for funding from wealthy countries.
   • It reflects the health of infants in the first year of life.
   • It reflects the health of mothers and infants as well as the standard of care.
   • It can be used to assess the care of women during labour and delivery.
7. Can a primary cause of death always be found?
   • Yes, if a post mortem examination is done.
   • Always after a careful history and clinical examination.
   • Usually after a careful history and clinical examination.
   • Rarely unless a post mortem examination is done.
8. What is a common primary cause of perinatal death in South Africa?
   • Intrapartum hypoxia.
   • Malaria.
   • Trauma.
   • Fetal abnormalities.
9. Why is it important to find a primary cause of perinatal death?
   • It is needed for the death certificate.
   • It is needed in case the hospital is sued by the parents.
   • It is needed to keep accurate statistics.
   • It helps to identify avoidable factors.
10. What is a common cause of preterm labour?
    • Maternal heart disease.
    • AIDS.
    • Chorioamnionitis.
    • Too much exercise.
11. What is the definition of a miscarriage?
    • An infant that is macerated and weighs less than 250 g.
    • An infant born dead and weighing less than 500 g.
    • Any infant weighing less than 1000 g that is born dead or dies in the first 24 hours.
    • Any infant that has fused eyelids at birth
12. What is the stillbirth rate in low-income countries?
    • The same as in high-income countries.
    • About 5.
    • About 45.
    • Usually over 100.
13. What is a macerated stillbirth?
    • An abortion.
    • An infant which has died during labour.
    • A stillborn infant with discolouration and peeling of the skin.
    • A live born infant weighing less than 1000 g that dies soon after delivery.
14. What is an important primary cause of stillbirth?
    • Placental abruption.
    • AIDS.
    • Preterm labour.
    • Urinary tract infection.
15. What is the definition of early neonatal mortality?
    • A live born infant that dies in the first twenty four hours after delivery.
    • An infant that dies in the first week after birth.
    • An infant that dies in the first two weeks after birth.
    • An infant that dies in the first month of life.
16. The early neonatal death rate is expressed as:
    • A percentage of all live born infants.
    • Per 1000 total deliveries.
    • Per 1000 live born deliveries.
    • Per 100 000 deliveries.
17. What is a common cause of fresh stillbirth due to hypoxia?
    • Prolonged obstructed labour.
    • Preterm labour.
    • Birth asphyxia.
    • Placenta praevia.
18. What fetal infections commonly cause perinatal deaths in low-income countries?
    • Rubella (German measles).
    • Toxoplasmosis.
    • Syphilis.
    • HIV.
19. What is the ratio of stillbirths to early neonatal deaths?
    • About two in high-income countries.
    • Two or more in low-income countries.
    • About one in low-income countries.
    • About five in South Africa.
20. What is the perinatal care index?
    • The perinatal mortality rate divided by the low birth weight rate.
    • The perinatal mortality rate divided by the neonatal mortality rate.
    • The perinatal mortality rate divided by the infant mortality rate.
    • The perinatal mortality rate divided by the maternal mortality rate.