Quiz 4: Nutrition

Please choose the one, most correct answer to each question or statement.

1. What is a child’s nutrition?
   • The child’s diet.
   • The child’s physical and mental development.
   • The child’s arm circumference.
   • The child’s weight.
2. How are children’s nutritional status determined?
   • By measuring their intelligence.
   • By assessing their age.
   • By clinically examining them.
   • By taking a careful dietary history.
3. Which is a protein food?
   • Potatoes.
   • Beans.
   • Rice.
   • Margarine.
4. Micronutrients include:
   • Iron.
   • Carbohydrates.
   • Fats.
   • Vegetable or fish oils.
5. How is the clinical diagnosis of malnutrition confirmed?
   • By measuring the serum albumin concentration.
   • By plotting the child’s weight on a centile chart.
   • By taking a careful dietary history.
   • By calculating the body mass index.
6. What is the cause of protein-energy malnutrition?
   • Too much protein.
   • Too little energy.
   • Too much protein and energy.
   • Too little protein and energy.
7. A child has marasmus when:
   • The weight falls below the - 1 line.
   • The weight falls below the - 2 line.
   • The child appears wasted with a weight well below the - 3 line.
   • The child is thin and has a pigmented, scaling rash.
8. What is a sign of kwashiorkor?
   • Oedema.
   • A rash in exposed areas.
   • Generalised lymphadenopathy.
   • Thickened wrists and ankles.
9. What is an important complication of kwashiorkor?
   • Hypertension.
   • Hypoglycaemia.
   • Hyperkalaemia (high serum potassium).
   • Vomiting.
10. The first step in treating severe malnutrition is:
    • Starting high protein feeds.
    • Resuscitation.
    • Giving oral iron.
    • Treating intestinal parasites.
11. What can be done to prevent malnutrition?
    • Exclusively breast feed to the age of 6 months.
    • Add formula feeds from 3 months.
    • Add sugar to formula feeds.
    • Introduce porridge at 3 months.
12. Vitamin A deficiency can result in:
    • Bleeding.
    • Deafness.
    • Blindness.
    • Delayed physical milestones.
13. Which food is rich in vitamin A?
    • Beetroot.
    • Yellow fruit and vegetables.
    • Beans and peas.
    • Maize.
14. A lack of niacin causes:
    • Pellagra.
    • Scurvy.
    • Rickets.
    • Anaemia.
15. Scurvy is due to a lack of:
    • Protein.
    • Fluoride.
    • Zinc.
    • Vitamin C.
16. Rickets usually presents with:
    • Anaemia.
    • Bone deformities.
    • Bleeding from the gums.
    • Peripheral oedema and irritability.
17. Iodine deficiency results in:
    • Dental caries.
    • Thin, reddish hair.
    • An enlarged thyroid (goitre).
    • Poor muscle tone.
18. Iron deficiency in children is usually due to:
    • A poor diet.
    • Delayed clamping of the umbilical cord.
    • Breastfeeding.
    • Tuberculosis.
19. Anaemia in children is defined as a haemoglobin concentration below:
    • 11 g/dl.
    • 10 g/dl.
    • 9 g/dl.
    • 8 g/dl.
20. Iron deficiency anaemia in children should be fully treated with oral iron for:
    • 10 days.
    • 1 month.
    • 3 months.
    • 6 months.