Quiz 5: Diarrhoea
Please choose the one, most correct answer to each question or statement.
- Diarrhoea is diagnosed when:
- Stools are passed every day.
- At least 3 loose and watery stools are passed in a day.
- The stools smell offensive.
- The stools contain blood.
- What commonly causes diarrhoea?
- Round worms.
- Eating too much.
- Thrush.
- Rota virus.
- Diarrhoea is regarded as persistent when the stools are still loose after:
- 48 hours.
- 5 days.
- 2 weeks.
- 1 month.
- Diarrhoea is common in children:
- With malnutrition.
- Who are obese and eat too much.
- Who are breastfed.
- Who are taking an iron supplement.
- What is dysentery?
- Loose stools containing blood and mucus.
- Loose stools containing blood only.
- Loose stools containing mucus only.
- Very watery stools.
- Typhoid is caused by:
- Rota virus.
- Shigella.
- Salmonella.
- E. coli.
- What is a common sign of dehydration?
- A slow heart rate (bradycardia).
- Slow, regular breathing.
- A full fontanelle.
- Decreased skin turgor.
- Children with ‘some’ dehydration:
- Are usually lethargic and refuse to drink fluids.
- Are restless and irritable.
- Have severely decreased skin turgor.
- Have lost more than 10 kg body weight.
- A normal capillary filling time is:
- Less than 1 second.
- Less than 3 seconds.
- Less than 10 seconds.
- Less than 1 minute.
- What sign suggests that the diarrhoea may have a surgical cause?
- Marked abdominal distension.
- Cramping abdominal pains.
- Mucus in the stool.
- Pyrexia (fever).
- When a child has diarrhoea:
- Breastfeeding should be continued.
- All milk feeds should be stopped as they make diarrhoea worse.
- No solids should be given.
- The child should only be given water or weak tea.
- What is the management of a child with acute diarrhoea?
- Start oral rehydration solution.
- Start antibiotics.
- Give an antidiarrhoeal agent such as codeine.
- Give an antiemetic to stop vomiting.
- Children with mild diarrhoea and ‘no visible’ dehydration:
- Should all be taken to a clinic for management.
- Can be managed at home.
- Should be admitted to hospital as the diarrhoea may become worse.
- Must be seen by a doctor.
- How should a sugar and salt solution be made?
- Add 1 teaspoon of salt and 1 teaspoon of sugar to 1 litre of water.
- Add 4 teaspoons of sugar and a pinch of salt to 1 litre of water.
- Add 8 teaspoons of sugar and half a teaspoon of salt to 1 litre of water.
- Add 10 teaspoons of sugar and 1 teaspoon of salt to 1 litre of water.
- How should oral rehydration solution given?
- Give a cup full after every stool.
- Give a cup full after each vomit.
- Give frequent, small amounts.
- Give as much as the child asks for every 2 hours.
- What is the treatment of diarrhoea with severe dehydration?
- Rush the child to hospital so that an intravenous infusion can be started.
- Start a nasogastric infusion if an intravenous infusion cannot be started immediately.
- Give the child as much oral rehydration fluid as possible.
- Start intravenous antibiotics.
- Why do children commonly get diarrhoea?
- Because infants are fed pasteurised cow’s milk.
- Because chlorinated tap water is used to make up formula feeds.
- Because feeding bottles are not cleaned properly.
- Because solid foods are introduced too soon.
- How can the risk of diarrhoea be reduced, especially in poor homes?
- Add sugar to the feeds.
- Use a cup rather than a bottle to give feeds.
- Give formula feeds rather than breastmilk.
- Reduce the amount of milk powder when mixing formula feeds.
- How can a safe water supply be obtained?
- By allowing the water to stand for an hour before using it.
- By adding bleach or boiling the water.
- By using river rather than dam water.
- By cooling the water in a fridge.
- When building a simple pit toilet:
- It is best to build the pit toilet close to the house.
- The pit must not be dug too deep.
- The pit should be as wide as possible.
- Throwing in lime, ash or soil will help to control flies.
