Quiz 6: Upper respiratory tract conditions

Please choose the one, most correct answer to each question or statement.

1. The upper respiratory tract includes the:
   • Larynx.
   • Bronchi.
   • Pharynx.
   • Trachea.
2. The cause of a common cold is usually an infection with:
   • Influenza virus.
   • Rhinovirus.
   • Haemophilus influenzae.
   • Streptococcus.
3. Children with a common cold usually have:
   • A high fever.
   • A runny nose.
   • A sore throat.
   • Earache.
4. How should a young child with a common cold be treated?
   • Antibiotics.
   • Keep the child in bed.
   • Aspirin.
   • No treatment is usually needed.
5. Acute sinusitis usually presents with:
   • A feeling of fullness or pain over one of the sinuses.
   • A severe cough, especially when sitting up.
   • A purulent discharge from both ears.
   • Tenderness to pressure over the mastoid bone.
6. What is a common sign of allergic rhinitis?
   • Coughing at night.
   • Repeated sneezing.
   • Wheezing.
   • Green nasal discharge.
7. Seasonal rhinitis is commonly caused by:
   • Inhaled pollen.
   • Viral infections.
   • Sudden change in temperature.
   • House dust mite.
8. Allergic rhinitis should be treated with:
   • A short acting bronchodilator.
   • Excluding milk and wheat from the diet.
   • Amoxycillin for 10 days.
   • A non-sedating oral antihistamine drug.
9. Persistent rhinitis responds well to:
   • Decongestant nose drops.
   • Paracetamol.
   • Steroid nasal spray.
   • Antibiotics.
10. What is the common presenting symptom of pharyngitis?
    • Sneezing.
    • A sore throat.
    • A blocked nose.
    • A hoarse voice.
11. What is an important complication of pharyngitis?
    • Acute rheumatic fever.
    • Rheumatoid arthritis.
    • Pneumonia.
    • Meningitis.
12. How should a child with tonsillitis be treated?
    • Give paracetamol only unless the throat culture is positive.
    • Tonsillectomy if this is the second attack of tonsillitis in the past year.
    • Penicillin, amoxycillin or erythromycin for 10 days.
    • Tetracycline for 14 days.
13. What is an indication for adenoidectomy?
    • Bad breath and poor appetite.
    • Snoring and sleep apnoea.
    • Repeated sore throats.
    • Enlarged tonsils.
14. Acute otitis media usually presents with:
    • Sudden onset of severe pain in the ear (earache).
    • Pain when the pinna (external ear) is pulled.
    • Green discharge from the nose.
    • Deafness.
15. Regular cleaning with a cotton bud or ‘wicking’ is useful in treating:
    • Chronic suppurative otitis media.
    • Chronic secretory otitis media.
    • Sinusitis.
    • Mastoiditis.
16. Chronic secretory otitis media causes:
    • A purulent discharge from the ear.
    • Earache and fever.
    • Deafness.
    • Itching of the ear.
17. Otitis externa should be treated with:
    • Combined steroid and antibiotic eardrops.
    • Oral antibiotics.
    • Oral steroids.
    • Cotton wool earplugs.
18. Epiglottitis presents with:
    • Wheezing.
    • Drooling and difficulty swallowing.
    • A mild fever and cough.
    • A barking cough and stridor.
19. How should a child with epiglottitis be managed?
    • Urgent referral to hospital.
    • Paracetamol for pain.
    • Penicillin for 7 days.
    • Immunisation with Hib.
20. Immunisation can prevent:
    • The common cold.
    • Pharyngitis.
    • Otitis media.
    • Epiglottitis.