Quiz 2: Care of normal infants

Please choose the one, most correct answer to each question or statement.

1. What type of care is needed by a normal infant?
   • Primary care at a level 1 clinic
   • Special care if the infant is born in a level 2 hospital
   • The infant does not need medical or nursing care
   • Care in hospital
2. After birth a normal infant should:
   • Go to the nursery for 2 hours so the mother can rest
   • Go to the nursery for the first 6 hours to be observed
   • Be given to the mother
   • Be placed in a cot in the labour ward to keep it warm
3. When should a normal infant receive the first bath?
   • Immediately after delivery
   • Before the infant leaves the labour ward
   • Only after 1 week
   • Before the infant is discharged home
4. What routine cord care is needed?
   • Cover the cord with a dry dressing
   • Put surgical spirits (alcohol) or chlorhexidine solution on the cord
   • Place chloromycetin ointment on the cord
   • Place antibiotic powder on the cord
5. What is the clinical significance of a white vaginal discharge in a newborn infant?
   • It indicates a vaginal infection caused by Trichomonas
   • It should be treated with antibiotics
   • It is a sign of congenital syphilis
   • It is normal
6. What is the importance of enlarged breasts at birth?
   • They are abnormal and indicate a hormonal imbalance
   • They are normal in girls but abnormal in boys
   • They are normal only if the breast enlargement disappears by 1 week
   • They are normal in girls and boys and may last for a few months
7. A blue mark over the infant’s lower back is caused by:
   • Bruising at delivery
   • A Chinese father
   • The delayed migration of pigment cells in the skin
   • Down syndrome
8. What is the treatment of ‘tongue tie’ in a newborn infant?
   • No treatment is needed
   • The infant should be bottle fed
   • The membrane under the tongue should be cut by the nursery staff
   • The infant should be referred to a level 2 or 3 hospital
9. Why is it important for infants to be fed breast milk?
   • Breast milk meets all the nutritional needs of a term infant
   • Breast milk reduces the risk of gastroenteritis
   • Breast milk is cheap
   • All of the above
10. When should a normal infant be put to the breast for the first time?
    • Immediately after birth
    • Not before 1 hour or the infant will vomit
    • Only after 3 hours when the infant has been bathed
    • After the mother has had a good sleep
11. What should be given as the first feed to normal infants?
    • Sterile water
    • Breast milk
    • Diluted formula
    • 5% dextrose water
12. How should an infant be fixed at the breast?
    • The infant should suck on the nipple
    • The infant should take the nipple and most of the areola into its mouth
    • The infant must not suck on the areola
    • It does not matter
13. How should a mother stop one breast leaking while the infant feeds at the other breast?
    • Apply gentle pressure onto the nipple of the leaking breast
    • Stop breastfeeding and feed with formula
    • Massage the leaking breast
    • Express both breasts before a feed
14. How can a mother improve her milk supply?
    • By feeding her infant frequently
    • By scheduling feeding every 4 hours
    • By drinking a lot of milk
    • By drinking a lot of coffee
15. How should you treat engorged breasts?
    • Stop breastfeeding
    • Give the mother a diuretic
    • Empty the breasts by frequent feeds or by expressing
    • Bandage the breasts tightly
16. Which of the following signs suggest mastitis?
    • Both breasts feel full
    • The affected breast feels hot and painful
    • A fluctuant mass is present in one breast
    • The milk from one breast is blood stained
17. How should a mother prevent painful nipples?
    • Allow the infant to fix (latch) correctly
    • Wash her nipples with soap and water twice a day
    • Apply gentian violet to her nipples after each feed
    • Apply surgical spirits to her nipples once a day
18. How should a mother make up formula feeds?
    • Add 1 level scoop of powder to 25 ml water
    • Add 1 teaspoon of powder to 25 ml water
    • Add 1 tablespoon of powder to 50 ml water
    • Add enough powder to make the water look like milk
19. What supplements should be given to a normal term infant that is being breastfed?
    • Supplements should not be given as they are dangerous
    • Iron supplements only
    • It is essential that all breastfed infants receive supplements
    • Supplements mare not needed by most healthy infants
20. When should solids be introduced?
    • If the infant is not gaining weight by 1 week
    • If the infant does not sleep through the night by 3 months
    • If the infant is still hungry after a feed
    • At 6 months