Quiz 3: Care of low-birth-weight infants

Please choose the one, most correct answer to each question or statement.

1. Low-birth-weight infants weigh:
   • Less than 3000 g
   • Less than 2500 g
   • Less than 2000 g
   • Less than 1500 g
2. A preterm infant is defined as an infant with a gestational age:
   • Less than 35 weeks
   • Less than 36 weeks
   • Less than 37 weeks
   • Less than 38 weeks
3. Infants that are underweight-for-gestational-age have a birth weight that falls:
   • Below the 90th centile
   • Between the 10th and 90th centiles
   • Below the 10th centile
   • Below the 3rd centile
4. Loose, wrinkled dry skin and loss of muscle in an infant at birth suggests:
   • Preterm delivery
   • Wasting
   • An overweight mother
   • Septicaemia
5. The gestational age of an infant can be estimated after delivery by:
   • Weighing the infant
   • Measuring the infant’s head circumference
   • Measuring the infant’s haemoglobin concentration
   • Examining the infant’s physical features and assessing the neurological behaviour
6. Which is a common cause of preterm delivery?
   • Male infant
   • Chorioamnionitis
   • Overweight mother
   • Syphilis
7. Infants that are born preterm have an increased incidence of:
   • Meconium aspiration syndrome
   • Wasting
   • Hypothermia
   • Pyrexia
8. Underweight-for-gestational-age infants are at an increased risk of:
   • Hypoglycaemia
   • Birth trauma
   • Hyaline membrane disease
   • Infection
9. Hypothermia is defined as a skin temperature below:
   • 37 °C
   • 36 °C
   • 30 °C
   • 25 °C
10. What should be done to prevent hypothermia?
    • Dry infants well after delivery
    • Delay feeding infants until they are 6 hours old
    • Do not give the infant to the mother immediately after delivery
    • Only discharge infants home when they are at least 24 hours old
11. What should you consider when deciding on the correct incubator temperature?
    • The infant’s weight
    • The infant’s sex
    • The infant’s haemoglobin concentration
    • The Apgar score
12. The normal blood glucose concentration in a newborn infant is:
    • Less than 2.5 mmol/l
    • 2.5 mmol/l to 7.0 mmol/l
    • 1.4 mmol/l to 10 mmol/l
    • 7.0 mmol/l to 12 mmol/l
13. How can the risk of hypoglycaemia be decreased?
    • Start an intravenous infusion in all low-birth-weight infants after delivery
    • Feed infants as soon as possible after birth
    • Add sugar to the formula feeds of all low-birth-weight infants
    • Do not allow preterm infants to breastfeed for the first 5 days
14. Apnoea is diagnosed when:
    • An infant stops breathing for 5 seconds
    • An infant stops breathing for 15 seconds but remains pink
    • An infant becomes cyanosed but does not stop breathing
    • An infant stops breathing for 20 seconds and develops cyanosis and bradycardia
15. The fluid volume needed by a term infant on day 1 is:
    • 25 ml/kg
    • 60 ml/kg
    • 100 ml/kg
    • 150 ml/kg
16. Infants need less fluid on the first few days of life because:
    • They weigh less
    • They do not suck well
    • Their stools consist of meconium
    • Their kidneys only produce a little urine
17. The best milk for most low-birth-weight infants is:
    • A soya bean formula
    • Special preterm formula
    • Breast milk
    • Standard infant formula
18. An infant between 1500 and 1800 g should be fed:
    • 12 times a day
    • 8 times a day
    • 6 times a day
    • On demand
19. What supplements should a preterm infant receive?
    • Ferro Drops 1 ml daily from day 7
    • Ferro Drops 0.3 ml daily, starting when the infant starts to suck
    • Multivitamin drops 0.3 ml daily starting when the infant takes full volume feeds of 150 ml/kg/day
    • Multivitamin drops 0.1 ml with each feed
20. What is the normal range of packed cell volume (PCV) at birth?
    • 10–25%
    • 25–45%
    • 45–65%
    • 65–75%